Multilingual dictionary of abbreviations

  • Home page
  • By signs
  • By languages
  • By topics
  • By places
  • Suggest an abbreviation
  • Add this article to your bookmarks
  • Print this article
  • Search for an abbreviation
  • Geography, biography, history

    → Geography, biography, history
    Go to page 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
    Code

    Meaning

    Language

    Themes and places

    NNCS

    Nordic Network for Chinese Studies

    In English

    NOAG

    Nachrichten der Gesellschaft für Natur- und Völkerkunde Ostasiens

    In German

    NOFSA

    Norsk Forum for Sor-Asia

    In Norwegian

    NONESA

    Nordic Newsletter for Southeast Asian Studies

    In English

    NR

    Nombre de Restes

    In French

    NRI

    Needham Research Institute (www.nri.cam.ac.uk)

    In English

    NRW

    Nordrhein-Westfalen

    In German

    NSC

    Nepal Study Center

    In English

    NSVL
    Nõukogude Sotsialistlike Vabariikide Liit

    = URSS | Unaniezh ar Republikoù Sokialour Soviedel | In Breton
    = URSS | Union des Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques | In French
    = USSR | Unie van Sosialistiese Sowjetrepublieke | In Afrikaans
    = USSR | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics | In English
    = СССР | Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик | In Russian
    = CCCP | Съюзът на съветските социалистически републики | In Bulgarian
    = SSSR | Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik | In Russian
    = URSS | Unión de Republicas Sozialistas Sobieticas | In Aragonese
    = XRSS | Xunión de les Repúbliques Socialistes Soviétiques | In Asturian
    = SSRİ | Sovet Sosialist Respublikaları İttifaqı | In Azerbaijani
    = TSRS | Tarybu Socialistiniu Respubliku Sajunga | In Baltic languages
    = SSSR | Savez Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika | In Serbo-Croatian
    = URSS | Unió de Repúbliques Socialistes Soviètiques | In Catalan
    = SSSR | Svaz sovětských socialistických republik | In Czech
    = USSR | Unio de Sovetaj Socialismaj Respublikoj | In Esperanto
    = CCCP | Социаллă Совет Республикисен Союзĕ | In Chuvash
    = USSR | Unionen af Socialistiske Sovjetrepublikker | In Danish
    = URSS | Unione delle Repubbliche Socialiste Sovietiche | In Italian
    = ZSRR | Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich | In Polish
    = SSKS | Szovjet Szocialista Köztársaságok Szövetsége | In Hungarian
    = UdSSR | Union der Sozialistischen Sowjetrepubliken | In German
    = ΕΣΣΔ | Ένωση Σοβιετικών Σοσιαλιστικών Δημοκρατιών | In Greek
    = URSS | Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas | In Spanish
    = SESB | Sobietar Errepublika Sozialisten Batasuna | In Basque
    = USSR | Uny fan Sosjalistyske Sowjetrepublyken | In Frisian
    = ԽՍՀՄ | Խորհրդային Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետությունների Միություն | In Armenian
    = URSS | Unión das Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas | In Galician
    = სსრკ | საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკების კავშირი | In Georgian
    = URSS | Unio Rerum Publicarum Socialisticarum Sovieticarum | In Latin
    = CCPC | Советтик Социалисттик Республикалар Союзу | In Kirghiz
    = UdSSR | Unioun vun de Sozialistesche Sowjetrepubliken | In Letzeburgesh
    = PSRS | Padomju Sociālistisko Republiku Savienība | In Latvian
    = СССР | Сојуз на Советските Социјалистички Републики | In Macedonian
    = УРСС | Униуня Републичилор советиче Сочиалисте | In Moldavan
    = KRSS | Kesatuan Republik Sosialis Soviet | In Malay
    = USSR | Unie van Socialistische Sovjetrepublieken | In Dutch
    = SSSR | Sambandet av Sosialistiske Sovjet-Republikkar | In Nynorsk
    = SSSR | Samveldet av sovjetiske sosialistrepublikker | In Norwegian
    = URSS | Unnion d'Républyiques Socialistes Soviétiques | In Norman
    = URSS | União das Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas | In Portuguese
    = URSS | Union de las Republicas Socialistas Sovieticas | In Occitan
    = SSRH | Susyalista Suwit Republikakunap Huñun | In Quechuan languages
    = ССРЦ | Советон Социалистон Республикæты Цæдис | In Ossetian
    = URSS | Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste | In Romanian
    = URSS | Unioni dî ripùbblichi sucialisti suviètichi | In Sicilian
    = ZSSR | Zveza sovjetskih socialističnih republik | In Slovenian
    = СССР | Савез Совјетских Социјалистичких Република | In Serbian
    = SSCB | Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği | In Turkish
    = СРСР | Союз Радянських Соціалістичних Республік | In Ukrainian
    = SSRB | Sovet Sosialistik Republiklar Berlege | In Tatar
    = SSRI | Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikalar Ittifoqi | In Uzbek

    In Estonian

    NTI

    Nombre Typologique d’Individus

    In French

    NTSC

    National Thai Studies Centre

    In English

    NVvV

    Nederlandse Vereniging voor Vlaggenkunde

    In Dutch

    NYCAS

    New York Conference on Asian Studies

    In English

    NZASIA

    New Zealand Asian Studies Society

    In English

    NZDL

    New Zealand Digital Library Project

    In English

    NZFA

    New Zealand Flag Association

    In English

    NZJAS

    New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies

    In English

    NaGe

    National Geographic

    In English

    Niederösterreich

    In German

    OAH

    Organization of American Historians (www.oah.org)

    In English

    OCM

    Organisation Civile et Militaire

    In French

    ODDDA

    OWTRAD (Old World Traditional Trade Routes) Dromographic Digital Data Archives

    In English

    OEA

    Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East

    In English

    OGHB

    Office Généalogique et Héraldique de Belgique

    In French

    OGIS

    Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae

    In Latin

    OGSAA

    Oslo-Göteborg School of Asian and African Studies

    In English

    OHA

    Oral History Association

    In English

    OHT

    Organization of History Teachers

    In English

    OI

    Oriental Institute

    In English

    OIOC

    Oriental and India Office Collections

    In English

    OJC

    Organisation Juive de Combat

    In French

    ONAMA

    Ontology of Narratives of the Middle Ages

    In English

    ORA

    Organisation de Résistance de l'Armée

    In French

    ORT

    Organisation Reconstruction Travail

    In French

    OSI

    Österreichisches Ost- und Südosteuropa-Institut (www.osi.ac.at)

    In German

    OSMOI

    Organisation Spéciale de la Main d'Oeuvre Immigrée

    In French

    OT

    Organisation Todt

    In French

    OWTRAD

    Old World Traditional Trade Routes (Project)

    In English

    Oberösterreich

    In German

    P&P

    Past and Present

    In English

    PA

    Pyrénées-Atlantiques

    In French

    PACA

    Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur

    In French

    PAHA

    Polish American Historical Association

    In English

    PARADISEC

    Pacific And Regional Archive for DIgital Sources in Endangered Cultures

    In English

    PASSaGE

    Pattern Analysis, Spatial Statistics and Geographic Exegesis

    In English

    PATRIARCHE

    Patrimoine Archéologique

    In French

    PECO

    Pays d'Europe Centrale et Orientale

    In French

    PEQ

    Palestine Exploration Quarterly

    In English

    PGIAR

    Postgraduate Institute of Archaeology

    In English

    PH

    Partioheraldikot

    In Finnish

    PHS

    Peace History Society

    In English

    PISAI
    Pontificio Istituto di Studi Arabi e d'Islamistica (https://www.pisai.it/)

    = PISAI | Pontificium Institutum Studiorum Arabicorum et Islamicorum | In Latin

    In Italian

    PISAI
    Pontificium Institutum Studiorum Arabicorum et Islamicorum (https://www.pisai.it/)

    = PISAI (see above)

    In Latin

    PMA

    Pays les Moins Avancés

    In French

    PMJS

    Premodern Japanese Studies

    In English

    POWN

    Polska Organizacja Walki o Niepodleglość

    In Polish

    PPF

    Parti Populaire Français

    In French

    PPGeo

    Progress in Physical Geography

    In English

    PRITI

    Pays à Revenu Intermédiaire Tranche Inférieure

    In French

    PSAA

    Philippines Studies Association of Australasia

    In English

    PSEM

    Pays du Sud et de l'Est de la Méditerranée

    In French

    PSI

    Pacific Studies Initiative

    In English

    PSR
    Padomju Sociālistiskajām Republikām

    = RSS | Repubbliche Socialiste Sovietiche | In Italian
    = RSS | Republici Sovietice Socialiste | In Romanian
    = SSR | Sovjetskih Socialističnih Republik | In Slovenian
    = RSS | Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques | In French

    In Latvian

    PSRS
    Padomju Sociālistisko Republiku Savienība

    = NSVL, URSS, USSR, СССР, CCCP, SSSR, XRSS, SSRİ, TSRS, ZSRR, SSKS, UdSSR, ΕΣΣΔ, SESB, ԽՍՀՄ, სსრკ, CCPC, УРСС, KRSS, SSRH, ССРЦ, ZSSR, SSCB, СРСР, SSRB, SSRI (see above)

    In Latvian

    PSWWWVL

    Pacific Studies WWW Virtual Library

    In English

    PTU

    Países y territorios de ultramar

    In Spanish

    PTW

    Polskie Towarzystwo Weksylologizne

    In Polish

    PVD

    Pays en Voie de Développement

    In French

    PVS
    Paesi in via di sviluppo

    In Italian

    PWHS

    Public Works Historical Society

    In English

    PhGeo

    Physical Geography

    In English

    QR

    Quarterly Review of Historical Studies

    In English

    QSA

    Quaderni di studi arabi

    In Italian

    RA

    Revue d'Assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale

    In French

    RAAN

    Rendiconti dell'Accademia di Archeologia, Lettere e Belle Arti di Napoli

    In Italian

    RAI

    Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale

    In French

    RAI
    República Árabe do Iémen

    = JAR | Jemenitische Arabische Republik | In German
    = YAR | Yemen Arab Republic | In German
    = JAR | Jemenitische Arabische Republiek | In Dutch
    = RAY | République Arabe du Yémen | In French

    In Portuguese

    RAJ

    Russian Association of Japanologists

    In English

    RAS-KB

    Royal Asiatic Society - Korea Branch

    In English

    RAY
    République Arabe du Yémen

    = RAI, JAR, YAR, RAY (see above)

    In French

    RCEA

    Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines

    In French

    RCVH

    Russian Centre of Vexillology and Heraldry

    In English

    RDA
    Republik Demokratel Alamagn

    = GDR | Germana Demokratia Respubliko | In Esperanto
    = RDA | República Democrática Alemana | In Spanish
    = RDA | République Démocratique Allemande | In French
    = DDR | Deutsche Demokratische Republik | In German
    = DDR | Duitse Demokratiese Republiek | In Afrikaans
    = NDR | Njemačka Demokratska Republika | In Bosnian
    = RDA | República Democràtica Alemanya | In Catalan
    = NDR | Německá demokratická republika | In Czech
    = ГДР | Германи Демократиллĕ Республики | In Chuvash
    = ΛΔΓ | Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία της Γερμανίας | In Greek
    = GDR | German Democratic Republic | In English
    = AED | Alemaniar Errepublika Demokratikoa | In Basque
    = NDK | Német Demokratikus Köztársaság | In Hungarian
    = RDT | Repubblica Democratica Tedesca | In Italian
    = DDR | Duitse Democratische Republiek | In Dutch
    = RDG | Republica Democrată Germană | In Romanian
    = DAC | Demokratik Alman Cumhuriyeti | In Turkish

    In Breton

    RDA
    República Democrática Alemana

    = GDR, DDR, NDR, ГДР, ΛΔΓ, AED, NDK, RDT, RDG, DAC (see above)

    In Spanish

    RDA
    République Démocratique Allemande

    = GDR, DDR, NDR, ГДР, ΛΔΓ, AED, NDK, RDT, RDG, DAC (see above)

    In French

    RDA
    República Democràtica Alemanya

    = GDR, DDR, NDR, ГДР, ΛΔΓ, AED, NDK, RDT, RDG, DAC (see above)

    In Catalan

    RDC

    République Démocratique du Congo

    In French

    RDG
    Republica Democrată Germană

    = RDA, GDR, DDR, NDR, ГДР, ΛΔΓ, AED, NDK, RDT, DAC (see above)

    In Romanian

    RDT
    Repubblica Democratica Tedesca

    = RDA, GDR, DDR, NDR, ГДР, ΛΔΓ, AED, NDK, RDG, DAC (see above)

    In Italian

    RE

    Revue d’Égyptologie

    In French

    REMMM

    Revue du Monde Musulman et de la Méditerranée

    In French

    REMMM

    Revue des Mondes Musulmans et de la Méditerranée

    In French

    REP

    Revista Española del Pacífico

    In Spanish

    RFA
    Republik Federal Alamagn

    = FRG | Federal Republic of Germany | In English
    = RFA | République Fédérale d'Allemagne | In French

    In Breton

    RFA
    République Fédérale d'Allemagne

    = FRG (see above)

    In French

    RFSI
    República Federal Socialista de Iugoslàvia

    = СФРЈ | Социјалистичка Федеративна Република Југославија | In Macedonian
    = SFRY | Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | In English
    = SFRJ | Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija | In Serbo-Croatian
    = RFSY | République Fédérale Socialiste de Yougoslavie | In French
    = JEFS | Jugoslaviako Errepublika Federal Sozialista | In Basque
    = RFSY | República Federal Socialista de Yugoslavia | In Spanish
    = SFRJ | Sozialistische Föderative Republik Jugoslawien | In German
    = SFRJ | Socialistická Federativní Republika Jugoslávie | In Czech
    = RSFJ | Repubblica Socialista Federale di Jugoslavia | In Italian
    = SFRJ | Socjalistyczna Federacyjna Republika Jugosławii | In Polish
    = RSFJ | República Socialista Federal da Iugoslávia | In Portuguese
    = RSFI | Republica Socialistă Federativă Iugoslavia | In Romanian
    = СФРЮ | Социалистическая Федеративная Республика Югославия | In Russian
    = SFRJ | Socialistična federativna republika Jugoslavija | In Slovenian

    In Catalan

    RFSY
    République Fédérale Socialiste de Yougoslavie

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, SFRJ, JEFS, RSFJ, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In French

    RFSY
    República Federal Socialista de Yugoslavia

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, SFRJ, JEFS, RSFJ, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Spanish

    RH

    Revue Historique

    In French

    RHPC

    Revue d’Histoire du Pays Châtelleraudais

    In French

    RHPR

    Revue d'Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses

    In French

    RHPh

    Revue d'Histoire de la Philosophie

    In French

    RHR

    Radical History Review

    In English

    RHR

    Revue de l'Histoire des Religions

    In French

    RI

    Rhode Island

    In English

    RIAP

    Research Institute for Asia and the Pacific

    In English

    RIFIAS

    Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies

    In English

    RIJS
    Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies (https://rijs.fas.harvard.edu/)

    The Edwin O. Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies (RIJS) is a center supporting research activities concerning Japan and Japanese Studies. Its mission is to advance teaching and research on Japan, to stimulate scholarly and public interest about Japan and U.S.-Japan relations, and to strengthen ties between Harvard University and Japan and between Japan and the United States.

    In English

    RIMAS

    Rotterdam Institute of Modern Asian Studies

    In English

    RIS

    Rauminformationssystem

    In German

    RISA

    Religion in South Asia

    In English

    RJSS

    Romanian Journal of Japanese Studies

    In English

    RN

    Rio Grande do Norte

    In Breton

    RNP

    Réunion de la Noblesse Pontificale

    In French

    RO

    Rocznik Orientalistyczny

    In Polish

    ROK

    Republic of Korea

    In English

    ROMM

    Revue de l‘Occident Musulman et de la Méditerranée

    In French

    RP

    Région Parisienne

    In French

    RPFJ
    República Popular Federal da Iugoslávia

    = ФНРЈ | Федеративна Народна Република Југославија | In Macedonian
    = FNRJ | Federativna Narodna Republika Jugoslavija | In Croatian
    = ФНРЮ | Федеративной Народной Республики Югославия | In Russian

    In Portuguese

    RPh

    Revue de Philologie, de littérature et d'histoire ancienne

    In French

    RQ

    Renaissance Quarterly

    In English

    RS

    Renaissance Studies

    In English

    RSA

    Renaissance Society of America (www.rsa.org)

    In English

    RSA

    Republic of South Africa

    In English

    RSF

    Rivista critica di Storia della Filosofia

    In Italian

    RSFI
    Republica Socialistă Federativă Iugoslavia

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, SFRJ, RFSY, JEFS, RSFJ, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Romanian

    RSFJ
    Repubblica Socialista Federale di Jugoslavia

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, SFRJ, RFSY, JEFS, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Italian

    RSFJ
    República Socialista Federal da Iugoslávia

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, SFRJ, RFSY, JEFS, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Portuguese

    RSFSR
    Russische Socialistische Federatieve Sovjetrepubliek

    = RSFSR | Russiske Sosialistiske Føderative Sovjet-Republikken | In Nynorsk
    = RSFSR | Republica Socialistă Federativă Sovietică Rusă | In Romanian

    In Dutch

    RSFSR
    Russiske Sosialistiske Føderative Sovjet-Republikken

    = RSFSR (see above)

    In Nynorsk

    RSFSR
    Republica Socialistă Federativă Sovietică Rusă

    = RSFSR (see above)

    In Romanian

    RSM

    Respubliko de San Marino

    In Esperanto

    RSPAS

    Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies

    In English

    RSS
    Repubbliche Socialiste Sovietiche

    = PSR, SSR (see above)

    In Italian

    RSS
    Republici Sovietice Socialiste

    = PSR, SSR (see above)

    In Romanian

    RSS
    Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques

    = PSR, SSR (see above)

    In French

    RevHM

    Revue d'Histoire Maghrébine

    In French

    RevQ

    Revue de Qumran

    In French

    RvGPG

    Revue de Géographie Physique et de Géologie Dynamique

    In French

    SA

    Sturmabteilung

    In German

    SAAG

    South Asia Analysis Group

    In English

    SAALG

    South Asia Archive & Library Group

    In English

    SAH

    Society of American Historians

    In English

    SAH

    Society of Architectural Historians

    In English

    SAH

    Society of Automotive Historians

    In English

    SAHH

    Society for Austrian and Habsburg History

    In English

    SAHS

    Swiss American Historical Society

    In English

    SAI

    South Asian Institute

    In English

    SAIR

    South Asia Intelligence Review

    In English

    SAJ

    South Asian Journal

    In English

    SAL

    San Salvador Island

    In English

    SAMP

    South Asia Microform Project

    In English

    SANCA

    Service d’Archéologie de Nice Côte d’Azur

    In French

    SAP

    Section des Atterrissages et Parachutages

    In French

    SARAI

    South Asia Resource Access on the Internet

    In English

    SARD

    South Asia Resources Database

    In English

    SARN

    South Asia Research Network

    In English

    SAS

    Society for Armenian Studies

    In English

    SAS

    South Asian Studies

    In English

    SAS

    Society for Archaeological Sciences

    In English

    SAS

    Special Air Service

    In English

    SASA

    South Asian Studies Association of Australia

    In English

    SASNET

    (Swedish) South Asian Studies Network

    In English

    SASS

    South Asia Studies Summer School

    In English

    SATOE

    South Asia through Official Eyes

    In English

    SAVA

    Southern African Vexillological Association

    In English

    SBH

    Stichting voor Banistiek en Heraldiek

    In Dutch

    SBRE
    Stichting voor de Bewaring van het Russische Erfgoed in de Europese Unie

    = FPPR | Fondation pour la Préservation du Patrimoine Russe dans l'Union Européenne | In French
    = ФСРН | Фонд Сохранения Русского Наследия в Европейском Союзе | In Russian

    In Dutch

    SBV
    Société Bretonne de Vexillologie

    = KVV | Kevarzhe Vannielouriezh Vreizh | In Breton

    In French

    SBZ

    Sowjetische Besatzungszone

    In German

    SCHR

    Scottish Centre for Himalayan Research

    In English

    SCHS

    Supreme Court Historical Society

    In English

    SCIEM

    Synchronization of Civilizations in the Eastern Mediterranean

    In English

    SCJ

    Sixteenth-Century Journal

    In English

    SCO

    Studi Classica e Orientali

    In Italian

    SDSI

    Societá Degli Storici Italiani

    In Italian

    SEAHTP

    South East Asian Historical Texts Project

    In English

    SEAM

    Southeast Asia Microform Project

    In English

    SEAP

    Southeast Asia Program

    In English

    SEAP

    Southeast Asia Publications

    In English

    SEAR

    South East Asia Research

    In English

    SEAS

    School of East Asian Studies

    In English

    SEASREP

    Southeast Asian Studies Regional Exchange Programme

    In English

    SEASSI

    Southeast Asian Studies Summer Institute

    In English

    SEAiT

    Southeast Asian Images and Text

    In English

    SECAAS

    Southeast Conference of the Association for Asian Studies

    In English

    SEECR

    Southeastern Early China Roundtable

    In English

    SEG

    Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum

    In Latin

    SENAS

    Southern Europe Network of Asian Studies

    In English

    SERAPHIS

    Société d'Etudes et de Recherches Philosophiques et HIStoriques

    In French

    SERG

    Saint-Empire Romain Germanique

    In French

    SESB
    Sobietar Errepublika Sozialisten Batasuna

    = NSVL, URSS, USSR, СССР, CCCP, SSSR, XRSS, SSRİ, TSRS, ZSRR, SSKS, UdSSR, ΕΣΣΔ, ԽՍՀՄ, სსრკ, CCPC, PSRS, УРСС, KRSS, SSRH, ССРЦ, ZSSR, SSCB, СРСР, SSRB, SSRI (see above)

    In Basque

    SEV

    Sociedad Española de Vexilología (www.vexilologia.org)

    In Spanish

    SFHS

    Society for French Historical Studies

    In English

    SFRJ
    Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, RFSY, JEFS, RSFJ, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Serbo-Croatian

    SFRJ
    Sozialistische Föderative Republik Jugoslawien

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, RFSY, JEFS, RSFJ, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In German

    SFRJ
    Socialistická Federativní Republika Jugoslávie

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, RFSY, JEFS, RSFJ, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Czech

    SFRJ
    Socjalistyczna Federacyjna Republika Jugosławii

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, RFSY, JEFS, RSFJ, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Polish

    SFRJ
    Socialistična federativna republika Jugoslavija

    = RFSI, СФРЈ, SFRY, RFSY, JEFS, RSFJ, RSFI, СФРЮ (see above)

    In Slovenian

    SFRJ

    Socialisma Federacia Respubliko Jugoslavio

    In Esperanto

    Go to page 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6